Paper-1
Section-A
(i) General Geology
The Solar System, meteorities, origin and interior of the earth.
Radioactivity and age of earth; Volcanoes- causes and products, volcanic belts.
Earthquakes-causes, effects, earthquake belts, seismicity of India, intensity
and magnitude, seismongraphs.
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Island arcs, deep sea trenches and mid-ocean
ridges. Continental drift-evidences and mechanics; seafloor spreading, plate
tectonics. Isostasy, orogeny and epeirogeny. Continents and oceans.
(ii) Geomorphology and Remote Sensing
Basic concepts of geomorphology. Weathering and mass wasting. Landforms,
slopes and drainage. Geomorphic cycles and their interpretation. Morphology and
its relation to structures and lithology. Applications of geomorphology in
mineral prospecting, civil engineering,. hydrology and environmental studies.
Geomorphology of Indian subcontinent.
Aerial photographs and their interpretation-mertis and limitations. The
Electronmagnetic Spectrum. Orbiting satellites and sensor systems. Indian Remote
Sensing Sataellites. Satellites data products. Applications of remote sensing in
geology. The Geographic Information System and its applications. Global
Positioning System.
(iii) Structural geology
Priniples of geologic mapping and map reading, projection diagrams, stress
and strain ellipsoid and stress-strain relationships of elastic, plastic and
viscous materials. Strain markers in deformed rocks. Behaviour of minerals and
rocks under deformation conditions. Folds and faults classification and
mechanics. Structural analysis of folds, foliations, lineations, joints and
faults, unconformities. Superposed deformation. Time-relationship between
crystallization and deformation. Introduction to petrofabrics.
Section-B
(iv) Paleontology
Species- definition and nomenclature. Megafossils and Microfossils. Modes of
preservation of fossils. Different kinds of microfossils. Application of
microfossils in correlation, petroleum exploration, paleoclimatic and
paleoceanographic studies. Morphology, geological history and evolutionary trend
in Cephalopoda, Trilobita, Brachiopoda, Echinoidea and Anthozoa. Stratigraphic
utility of Ammonoidea, Trilobita and Graptoloidea. Evolutionary trend in
Hominidae, Equidae and Proboscidae. Siwalik fauna. Gondwana flora and its
importance.
(v) Stratigraphy and Geology of India
Classification of stratigraphic sequences: lithostratigraphic,
biostratigraphic, chro-nostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic and their
interrelationships. Distribution and classification of Precambrian rocks of
India. Study of stratigraphic distribution and lithology of Phanerozoic rocks of
India with reference to fauna, flora and economic importance. Major boundary
problems- Cambrian/Precambrian, Permian/Triassic, Cretaceous/Tertiary and
Pliocene/Pleistocene. Study of climatic conditions, paleogeography and igneous
activity in the Indian subcontinent in the geological past. Tectonic framework
of India. Evolution of the Himalayas.
(vi) Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology : Hydrologic cycle and
genetic classification of water. Movement of subsruface water. Springs.
Porosity, permeability, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity and storage
coefficient, classification of aquifers. Water-bearing characteristics of rocks.
Groundwater chemistry. Salt water intrusion. Types of wells. Drainage basin
morphometry. Exploration for groundwater. Groundwater recharge. Problems and
management of groundwater. Rainwater harvesting. Engineering properties of
rocks. Geological investigations for dams, tunnels and bridges. Rock as
construction material. Alkali-aggregate reaction. Landslides-causes, prevention
and rehabilitation. Earthquake-resistant structures.
Paper-II
Section-A
(i) Mineralogy
Classification of crystals into systems and classes of symmetry.
International system of crystallographic notation. Use of projection diagrams to
represent crystal symmetry. Crystal defects. Elements of X-ray crystallography.
Petrological microscope and accessories. Optical properties of common rock
forming minerals. Pleochroism, extinction angle, double refraction,
birefringence, twinning and dispersion in minerals.
Physical and chemical characters of rock forming slilicate mineral groups.
Structural classification of silicates. Common minerals of igneous and
metamorphic rocks. Minerals of the carbonate, phosphate, sulphide and halide
groups.
(ii) Igneous ad Metamorphic Petrology
Generation and crystallisation of magma. Crystallisation of albite-anorthite,
diopside-anorthite and diopside-wollastonite-silica systems. Reaction
principle., Magmatic differentation and assimilation. Petrogenetic significance
of the textures and structrues of igneous rocks. Petrography and petrogenesis of
granite, syenite, diorite, basic and ultrabasic groups, charnockite, anorthosite
and alkaline rocks. Carbonatites. Deccan volcanic province.
Types and agents of metamporphism. Metamporphic grdes and zones. Phase rule.
Facies of regional and contact metamorphism. ACF and AKF diagrams. Textures and
structures of metamporphic rocks. Metamorphism of arenaceous, argillaceous and
basic rocks. Minerals assemblages Retrograde metamorphism. Metasomatism and
granitisation, migmatites, Granulite terrains of India.
(iii) Sedimentology
Sedimentary rocks: Processes of formation. diagenesis and lithification.
Properties of sediments. Clastic and non-clastic rocks-their classification,
petrography and depositional environment. Sedimentary facies and provenance.
Sedimentary structures and their significance. Heavy minerals and their
significance. Sedminetary basins of India.
Section-B
(iv) Economic Geology
Ore, ore minerals and gangue, tenor of ore, classification of ore deposits.
Process of formation of minerals deposits. Controls of ore localisation. Ore
textures and structures. Metallogenic epochs and provinces. Geology of the
important Indian deposits of aluminium, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead zinc,
manganese, titanium, uranium and thorium and industrial minerals. Deposits of
coal and petroleum in India. National Mineral Policy. Conservation and
utilization of mineral resources. Marine mineral resources and Law of Sea.
(v) Mining Geology
Methods of prospecting-geological, geophysical, geochemical and geobotanical.
Techniques of sampling. Estimation of reserves or ore. Mehtods of exploration
and mining metallic ores, industrial minerals and marine mineral resources.
Mineral beneficiation and ore dressing.
(vi) Geochemistry and Environmental Geology
Cosmic abundance of elements. Composition of the planets and meteorites.
Structure and compostion of earth and distribution of elements. Trace elements.
Elements of crystal chemistry-types of chemical bonds, coordination number.
Isolmorphism and polymorphism. Elementary thermodynamics.
Natural hazards-floods, landslides, coastal erosion, earthquakes and volcanic
activity and mitigation. Environmental impact of urbanization, open cast mining,
industrial and radioactive waste disposal, use of fertilizers, dumping of mine
waste and fly-ash. Pollution of ground and surface water, marine pollution
Environment protection-legislative measures in India.
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