CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
PAPER-I
Section A
(a) Fluid and Particle Dynamics
Viscosity of fluids. Laminar and turbulent
flows. Equation of continuity and Navier-Stokes equition-Bernoulli�s theorem.
Flow meters.
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Fluid drag and pressure drop due to friction, Reynold�s Number and
friction factor - effect of pipe roughness. Economic pipe diameter. Pumps,
water, air/steam jet ejectors, compressors, blowers and fans. Agitation and
mixing of liquids. Mixing of solids and pastes. Crushing and Grinding -
principles and equipment. Rittinger�s and Bond�s laws. Filtration and filtration
equipment. Fluid-particle mechanics - free and hindered settling. Fluidisation
and minimum fluidization velocity, concepts of compressible and incompressible
flow. Transport of Solids.
(b) Mass Transfer
Molecular diffusion coefficients, First
and second law and diffusion, mass transfer coefficients, film and penetration
theories of mass transfer. Distillation, simple distillation, relative
volatility, fractional distillation, plate and packed columns for distillation.
Calculation of theoretical number of plates. Liquid-liquid equilibria.
Extraction - theory and practice; Design of gas-absorption columns. Drying.
Humidification, dehumidification. Crystallisation. Design of equipment.
(c) Heat Taransfer
Conduction, thermal conductivity, extended
surface heat transfer.
Convection - free and forced. Heat
transfer coefficients - Nusselt Number. LMTD and effectiveness. NTU methods for
the design of Double Pipe and Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers. Analogy between heat
and momentum transfer. Boiling and condensation heat transfer. Single and
multiple-effect evaporators. Rediation - Stefan-Boltzman Law, emissivity and
absorptivity. Calculation of heat load of a furnace. Solar heaters.
Section B
(d) Noval Separation Processes
Equilibrium separation processes -
ion-exchange, osmosis, electro-dialysis, reverse osmosis, ultra-filtration and
other membrane processes. Molecular distillation. super critical fluid
extraction.
(e) Process Equipment Design
Fractors affecting vessel design criteria
- Cost considerations. Design of storage vessels-vertical, horizontal spherical,
underground tanks for atmospheric and higher pressure. Design of closures flat
and eliptical head. Design of supports. Materials of
construction-characteristics and selection.
(f) Process Dynamics and Control
Measuring instruments for process
variables like level, pressure, flow, temperature pH and concentration with
indication in visual/pneumatic/analog/digital signal forms. Control variable,
manipulative variable and load variables. Linear control theory-Laplace,
transforms. PID controllers. Block diagram represenation transient and frequency
response, stability of closed loop system. Advanced control strategies. Computer
based process control.
Paper-II
Section A
(a) Material and Energy Balances
Material and energy balance calculations
in processes with recycle/bypass/purge. Combustion of solid/liquid/gaseous
fuels, stoichiometric relationships and excess air requirements. Adiabatic flame
temperature.
(b) Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Laws of thermodynamics. PVT relationships
for pure components and mixtures. Energy functions and inter-relationships -
Maxwell�s relations. Fugacity, activity and chemical potential. Vapour-liquid
equilibria, for ideal/non-ideal, single and multi component systems. eriteria
for chemical reaction equilibrium, equilibrium constant and equillibrium
conversions. Thermodynamic cycles - refrigeration and power.
(c) Chemical Reaction Engineering
:
Batch reactors - kinetics of homogeneous
reactions and interpretation of kinetic data. Ideal flow reactors - CSTR, plug
flow reactors and their perofrmance equations. Temperature effects and run-away
reactions. Heterogeneous reactions - catalytic and non-catalytic and gas-solid
and gas-liquid reactions. Intrinsic kinetics and global rate concept. Importance
of interphase and intraparticle mass transfer on performance. Effectiveness
factor. Isothermal and non-isothermal reactors and reactor stability.
Section B
(d) Chemical Technology
Natural organic products - Wood and
wood-based chemicals, pulp and paper, Agro industries - sugar, Edible oils
extraction (including tree based seeds), Soaps and detergents. Essential oils -
Biomass gasification (including biogas). Coal and coal chemical. Petroleium and
Natural gas-Petroleum refining (Atomospheric distillation/cracking/reforming) -
Petrochemical industries - Polyethylenes (LDPE/HDPE/LLDPE), Polyvinyl Chloride,
Polystyrene. Ammonia manufacture. Cement and lime industries. Paints and
varnishes. Glass and ceremics. Fermentation - alcohol and antibiotics.
(e) Environmental Engineering and
Safety
Ecology and Environment. Sources of
pollutants in air and water. Green house effect, ozone layer depletion, acid
rain. Micrometeorology and dispersion of pollutants in environment. Measurement
techniques of pollutant levels and their control strategies. Solid wastes, their
hazards and their disposal techniques. Design and performance analysis of
pollution control equipment. Fire and explosion hazards rating - HAZOP and HAZAN.
Emergency planning, disaster management. Environmental legislations - water, air
environment protection Acts. Forest (Conservation) Act.
(f) Process Engineering Economics
:
Fixed and working capital requirement for
a process industry and estimation methods. Cost estimation and comparison of
alternatives. Net present value by discounted cash flow. Pay back analysis. IRR,
Depreciation, taxes and insurance. Break-even point analysis. Project scheduling
- PERT and CPM. Profit and loss account, balance sheet and financial statement.
Plant location and plant layout including piping.
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