Social Demography

Population Growth

• According to 2001 final census India's total population has crossed 1,027,015,247 out of which 531,277,078 are males and females are 495,738,169.
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  A D V E R T I S E M E N T
  
  
• Of this number, 157,863,145 are children up to the age of six years out of which 81,911,041 are males and 75,952,104 are females.
  
  
• India's landscape is just 2.4% of the total world area whereas its population is nearly 16.7% of the world population.
  
  
• The population of India which at the turn of the 20th century was around 238.4 million increased to reach 1,027million at the dawn of the 21st century.
  
  
• As per census 2001 the sex-ratio has gone up from 927 in 1991 to 933 in 2001.
  
  
• The literacy rate increased from 52.21% to 65.38%.For males it has increased to 75.85% and for females 54.16%. The gap in male-female literacy rates has decreased from 24.84% points to 21.70% points in 2001.
  
  
• The density of population has increased in all states and UTs between 1991 and 2001.Population density increased from 274 in 1991 to 324 persons per sq.km in 2001. West Bengal is the most densely populated state 904 followed by Bihar 880 and Kerala 819.
  
  
• The percentage of urban population of total population has increased from 25.7% in 1991 to 27.8% in 2001.
• The number of cities having a population of more than one million increased from 23 in 1991 to 35 in 2001.Population -wise UP is at the top followed by Maharashtra, Bihar and West-Bengal and so on.
  
  
• The crude death rate in India has declined from 25.1 in 1951 to 9.8 in 1991 and to 8.7 in 1999 while the crude birth rate declined from 40.8 in 1951 to 29.5 in 1991 and to 26.1 in 1999.The child mortality rate stands at 23.9 (0-4 years per 1000 children).
  
  
• The decadal growth rate in 1991-2001 was lowest in Kerala (9.42%) and highest in Nagaland (64.41%). The sex-ratio declined in the age-group 0-6 years from 945 to 927.Kerala has the highest (1058) sex-ratio while Haryana has the lowest (861).
  
  
• The life expectancy for males is 62 years and for females it is 63 years.